Step by Step Guide to Chickpeas Farming! Varieties, Harvesting, Yield and Profit!!

 

Step by Step Guide to Chickpeas Farming! Varieties, Harvesting, Yield and Profit!!

 

Gram/chana normally known as 'chick pea' or bengal gram is the maximum important pulse crop in india. Chick pea occupies approximately 35-40 according to cent of area beneath pulses and contributes near to 50 in keeping with cent of the entire pulse production of india.

 

It's miles used for human consumption as well as for feeding to animals. this pulse is eaten each complete fried or boiled and salted or extra typically within the shape of cut up pulse which is cooked and eaten. 

Chick pea is taken into consideration to have medicinal results and it's farUsed for blood purification. protein content is more or less 21 in line with cent protein, sixty one.five in line with cent carbohydrates, and 4.five in step with cent fats. chana is high content of calcium, iron and niacin.

 

Scientific name of chickpea is (cicer arietinum).  it's miles an annual legume of the family fabaceae, subfamily faboidae. chickpeas are also regarded by using the names like garbanzo or garbanzo bean, and egyptian pea.

 

It's far particularly consumed for its protein content material. the plant of chickpea is hairy and grows up to 18 inches in period. It's miles a cool-season legume that grows best among 70-80 degrees in the course of the day and needs sixty five-degree temperature at night time.  The height of the plant is 20–50 cm (eight–20 inch) and has small, feathery leaves on either aspect of the stem.

 

Chickpea has wide variety of distribution range smart, and desi chana is essentially consumed inside the usa. In this variety is small, darker seeds and a rough coat. desi chana can be black, inexperienced or speckled. This range is hulled and cut up toMake chana dal. Every other variety consumed largely is kabuli' chana, that's lighter-colored, larger, and with a smoother coat.

 

Field Preparation for Chickpeas

 

• Area is chosen first that may receive at the least 6 to8 hours of sun in cooler climates, however a bit of afternoon color in warmer areas of the usa. A nutrient-rich soil is selected, which drains nicely.  

 

• To preserve moisture, the soil is cultivated with an animal-drawn/tractor-drawn blade harrow (bakhar) attached to a heavy wooden log. the process is allows in weed manipulate make the seed bed compact.

 

• Shallow cultivation with a rustic plow is done late in the evening for light soil,Quite frequently so that you can conserves moisture and affective weed manipulate.

 

Seed and Sowing 

Experiments performed under the all india co-ordinated pulse development mission at extraordinary centres over remaining numerous years, simply imply that 2D fortnight of october is the optimal time for sowing, in maximum of the chick pea growing areas of northern india. In case of peninsular india, the first fortnight of october has been considered as an appropriate time for chickpea sowing. 

 

Early sowing of chickpea results in immoderate vegetative boom and terrible placing of pods. the early sownCrop suffers extra from wilt because of excessive temperature at that point. the crop may be sown by way of seed drill or neighborhood plow and row spacing need to be 30-40 cm's.

For one hectare land a seed charge of 75-100 kg in line with hectare will be sufficient, relying upon seed size. The seed need to be located 8-10 centimeters deep and earlier than sowing, The shallow is dealt with 0.25 in step with cent thiram or carbendazim (bavistin).               

Manure and Fertilizer Applications

Chickpea is a leguminous crop consequently it could meet its nitrogen requirement (about 75%) through symbiotic nitrogen fixation from three to 4 weeks of sowing. however, soils with low organic count and poor nitrogen deliver may additionally still require 20-25 kg according to hectare of nitrogen. 

Except nitrogen, pulses reply very favorably to the phosphorous software, in case phosphorus isn't available in enough percentage inside the soil.  if the soil wishes nitrogen in addition to phosphorous, Then di-ammonium phosphate (18-forty six-zero) on the fee of one hundred to 150 kg in keeping with hectare ought to be implemented uniformly earlier than the last plowing. the outcomes are quite better if all the fertilizers are drilled in furrows at a intensity of seven-10 centimeters.

 

Chickpea is more often than not sown in rainfed situations. but, pre-sowing irrigation is important wherein irrigation centers are available because it ensures proper germination and smoother crop boom. one irrigation on the pre-flowering level is given and one atThe pod improvement degree, in case the winter rains are inadequate. 

It is crucial that first irrigation have to now not receive at flowering time of gram crop. additionally, heavy irrigation is always dangerous to gram crop due to the fact extra irrigation enhances vegetative increase and depresses chickpea yield. therefore, light irrigation ought to receive.

 

Planting 

Maximum gardening centers and home improvement stores do not deliver chickpea seeds, so one probable want to order them. seeds can be done for ordering online searches . make 5- to 2-inch deep holes three to four inches apart, drop a seed in each one, and cover them with soil. water must be provided often. like productivity, planting the seeds with proper depth and distance may be very important.

 

Growing 

If the seeds are able to sprout within 10 to fourteen days, it's far a normal phenomenon. soil is to be kept moist consequently one should water frequently and flippantly in the course of the developing season. in cooler regions, chickpea flora will want approximately an inch of water per week, however in warmer climates, water requirement can boom to two inches more or less. 

When plants are 2 to a few inches tall, skinny them out so that there remains a single plant every 6 inches. This is done to help everyday growth process. Usually scissors may be used to trim or skinny them. Honestly the more increase of each plant is trimmed thru scissors in order that the roots of neighboring flora aren't disturbed.

 

Weed Control 

Weed control is a important activity in chickpeas as infestation of weeds is the main trouble for this crop.  one hand weeding or inter subculture with hand hoe or wheel hoe after 25-30 days may be achieved, and if wanted then 2nd spherical of weeding can be completed. fluchloralin (basalin) 1 kg consistent with hectare in 800-one thousand liters of water as pre-planting spray may be used as an effective herbicide. 

It need to be properly incorporated in the soil earlier than sowing.  use metribuzin or prometrynen at the rate of one.0-1.5Kg energetic aspect in 800-a thousand liters of water in keeping with hectare in case basalin is unavailable. hand weeding or inter way of life with the assist of hoe is optimal than use of herbicides when you consider that inter lifestyle operations improve soil aeration.

 

Economics of Chana/Chickpeas Farming

Activity	Cost per Acre (Rs)	Explanation
Land Preparation	1200	All plant debris and stubbles are removed before ploughing as chickpeas need and firm and smooth seedbed Costing is near to Rs.1200.
Seed Rate	800	For Desi types, seed rate is 25-30 kgs/acre and for Kabuli it is 45-60 kgs/acre.
Planting cost	600	Sowing can be managed with 3 laborers in an acre land. Per labor cost is around Rs.200
Fertilizer application cost	2300	Farmyard Manure of 3-4 tonnes to be added to the field. an one acre, recommended for NPK dosage is Urea 18 kgs, SSP 125 kgs and Potash 14 Kgs.
Intercultural Operations	1000	Weed control done through application of Basalin 0.4 kgs/acre in 320-400 liters of water.
Plant Protection	1500	Chemical sprayings must to protect against pests. Total cost is near to Rs.1400-1500 on an acre land.
Miscellaneous	1500	Various costs considered like irrigation costs, land rent, interest on capital and depreciation costs
Threshing/Harvesting/Drying	1500	All these operations need at least 7-8 laborers
Marketing Cost	1300	Includes transportation expenses to nearest available markets.
Total Cost	11700

 

Net Profit Per Acre from Chickpeas Farming 

The superior desi chickpeas were being traded round rs.4900/quintal as on september 7, 2020. farmers generally achieve around eight quintal crop in line with acre. so, the internet attention in selling eight quintals might be rs.39200. consequently, after deducting the production value, ordinary benefit from one acre of land might be rs.27500 (approximately).